Blockchain Applications in Healthcare: From Medical Records to Patient-Centric Data Management

Abstract

The worldwide healthcare sector is constantly affected by issues concerning an inefficient architecture of medical records, data leakage, and privacy (Azaria et al., 2016). The current centralized system does not usually offer the patient ownership and control over their health information (Engelhardt, 2017). The blockchain technology has become a transformative solution since it is decentralised, immutable and transparent, and it provides new models of secure health information exchange and patient-focused management of data (Agbo et al.,2019). It examines the concept as to how blockchain can be used to improve the interoperability, security of electronic medical records (EMRs), based on a constructed prototype on Hyperledger fabric, integrated with a federated learning model privacy

preserving analytics (Nguyen et al., 2021). We examine how well it enhances data integrity, handling of patient consent and anomaly detection in data sharing activities. Privacy metrics, as indicated by Roehrs et al. (2017), indicate that experimental results on the reduction of unauthorized data access attempts against the baseline systems amounted to 45 percent. The results prove that blockchain has the potential to implement safe and patient-oriented healthcare ecosystems, yet uncovered the issues of scaling and regional regulations which remain an unresolved challenge. The combination of blockchain technology and AI models used to realize secure and collaborative healthcare data analytics via hybrid architecture systems should be investigated in future research (Zhang et al., 2018).

Key words: Blockchain, Health, Electronic Medical Records, Patient privacy, Smart

Contract, Federated Learning, Integrity of Data